A1/A3 vs A2: a complete comparison
Start with A1/A3, move to A2 when you need to fly closer to people.
Contents
1. The core difference between A1/A3 and A2
A1/A3 is the entry-level theory qualification for all Open category pilots and usually the first official step. The online exam is 40 questions in 40 minutes with a 75% pass threshold.
A2 is a higher level within the Open category, focused on operating safely closer to people. Its exam is shorter - 30 questions in 30 minutes - but the depth of the questions is greater.
2. When A1/A3 is enough
If your flights involve straightforward scenarios and you do not need close-proximity operations, A1/A3 is often sufficient for initial activity. This applies to hobby pilots and basic commercial work.
However, as the complexity of jobs grows, the limits of A1/A3 become apparent. Moving to A2 then becomes the logical professional step.
3. When A2 becomes necessary
A2 is worth pursuing when you plan to work frequently in urban environments or scenarios with stricter proximity requirements. This preparation broadens your service offering and competitiveness.
A2 theory builds on the A1/A3 foundation, so the transition is easier if the base topics were learned with understanding rather than just for the exam.
4. The recommended study sequence
Start with the free A1/A3 theory on the A2STS platform, and once you reach a stable level, move to A2 thematic tests and simulations. This approach avoids knowledge gaps.
Register for the official A2 exam only after several successful full timed sessions. A consistent sequence usually leads to passing without unnecessary resits.
5. What to plan after A2
If your work expands into more complex commercial scenarios, STS is the natural next step after A2. This path lets you build your qualifications in line with real project needs.
For long-term planning, it helps to know early that A2 and STS qualifications are typically managed on a 5-year renewal cycle.
Authority & sources
A2STS Editorial · Reviewed by: EASA UAS syllabus aligned