Multirotor vs fixed-wing UAS

Overview

The UAS market offers two primary aircraft types: multirotor (quadcopters, hexacopters) and fixed-wing. Each has its strengths, limitations and fits different mission types.

Multirotor advantages: VTOL capability, hover in place, precise control. Fixed-wing advantages: far greater flight efficiency and long range on a single battery charge.

Rules

EASA regulations apply to both types based on MTOM and operational category — the aircraft type itself does not change the category. C-class markings may differ between multirotor and fixed-wing model designs.

Fixed-wing aircraft are more often used in BVLOS missions — large-area mapping, network inspection. These missions typically require a Specific category authorisation.

Licence

The same A2 certificate applies to both multirotor and fixed-wing aircraft if they meet the relevant C-class technical requirements. The certificate is tied to pilot competency, not to a specific aircraft type.

In practice, fixed-wing commercial operators more often seek Specific category due to larger-area missions and BVLOS needs. Multirotor operators more commonly stay within A2 or STS limits.

Next step

When choosing a platform, first define the mission: is hover precision important (multirotor) or is long range and endurance the priority (fixed-wing)? The answer determines both the platform and the certificate needed.

Exam questions do not distinguish between aircraft types — understanding C-class requirements and operational category principles, which apply equally to both types, is what matters.

Frequently asked questions

Does a fixed-wing drone require a separate licence?

No separate licence — the same A1/A3, A2 or STS certificate applies if the aircraft meets the relevant C-class requirements. The difference is in the practical application of operational rules.

Which platform is better for beginners?

Multirotors are generally easier for beginners due to hover capability and intuitive control. Fixed-wing requires more experience and a larger take-off and landing area.